Wind power generation is power produced from the kinetic energy of wind, originating from local and planetary movement. It is a renewable and green energy source, establishing itself as a rapidly evolving pillar of global renewable electricity. By the end of 2023, wind power global capacity exceeded 1 terawatt. This book, Wind Power – From Energy Conversion to Technological and Operational Challenges, examines modern advances, including fundamental conversion principles with case studies, sophisticated control and grid integration strategies, AI-driven optimization for resource enhancement, emerging concepts such as intelligent vertical-axis wind turbine farms, and other interesting topics. Designed as a foundational resource, the book provides critical insights for researchers, industry engineers and practitioners, and policymakers dedicated to advancing modern wind power generation technologies.