Biochar has emerged as a versatile and sustainable material at the intersection of agriculture, environmental management, and climate change mitigation. Derived from the thermochemical conversion of biomass, biochar offers unique physicochemical properties that support enhancing soil fertility, improving nutrient use efficiency, sequestering carbon, immobilizing pollutants, and enhancing ecosystem resilience. Biochar – Applications in Agriculture and Environment provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of biochar science, bridging production technologies, functional modification, mechanistic understanding, and real-world applications. The volume explores biochar-based solutions for smart and climate-resilient agriculture, waste valorization, soil remediation, plant nutrition, and disease management, while also highlighting advanced analytical tools and emerging technological integrations. By combining conceptual frameworks with applied perspectives, this book emphasizes how biochar can contribute to sustainable agroecosystems, environmental protection, and circular bioeconomy strategies. Designed for researchers, graduate students, practitioners, and decision-makers, this edited volume offers valuable insights into biochar’s multifunctional role and its potential to address pressing global challenges related to soil degradation, food security, and environmental sustainability.