Pain after surgery is a common complaint. This unpleasant feeling due to tissue damage, mental suffering, and distress must be handled adequately. Postoperative pain is a significant concern for patients, relatives and healthcare providers. It may prolong recovery, increase hospital stays and increase the economic burden. Furthermore, postoperative pain can persist and turn into chronic pain. Identification of reliable pain predictors will enable optimal pain management. Pain management involves methods for managing postoperative pain based on the pathophysiology of pain, the role of inflammatory mediators, and the importance of early and effective pain control. The book aims to provide healthcare professionals with a detailed understanding of how to manage postoperative pain effectively and improve patient outcomes.