The discovery of new types of boron-containing materials has led to significant developments in many areas, from engineering to environmental science, and has made significant contributions to our daily lives due to their exceptional optical, thermal, electronic, and mechanical properties, as well as its high surface area, chemical stability, and compatibility with nanocomposite formation. This book brings together developments on topics such as acoustically controlled quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride, high-temperature performance of magnesium diboride superconductors, and the synthesis of boron nitride nanostructures for ultra-sensitive gas detection, industrial and ecological applications, and also including usability of cubic boron nitride cutting tools as an alternative to diamond cutting tools for high-precision machining, and boron-doped diamond electrodes for sustainable industrial water treatment.