The increasing demand for food due to rapid population growth, combined with the declining quality and availability of natural resources such as soil and water, poses significant challenges to global agricultural production. This edited volume brings together current perspectives and practices in agronomy and horticulture to address these urgent issues through innovative, efficient, and environmentally friendly approaches. Covering topics such as salinity tolerance in legumes, sustainable nitrogen use, hydroponic cultivation systems, and the effects of climate change on crop production, the book highlights practical and research-based strategies to improve crop performance and reduce environmental impact. With its interdisciplinary focus and real-world applications, the volume contributes to the global conversation on sustainable agriculture, food security, and climate-smart farming.