Sustainable and Innovative Practices in Animal Breeding and Nutrition presents a comprehensive exploration of cutting-edge approaches in animal production, genetics, and feeding systems. Bridging aquatic and terrestrial species, the book highlights how reproductive biotechnologies, genetic improvement, and innovative feed resources can increase productivity, conserve biodiversity, and support sustainable livelihoods. Key topics include cryopreservation for the conservation of endangered species, advanced reproductive technologies in livestock, the role of small ruminants in rural development and women’s empowerment, genetic and phenotypic innovations in fiber-producing animals, and sustainable feeding strategies such as alternative protein sources for poultry. Combining laboratory research with field applications from around the world, this volume offers evidence-based insights and practical solutions for building resilient, inclusive, and environmentally responsible animal production systems. It is an essential resource for researchers, educators, policymakers, and students in animal science, veterinary medicine, and agricultural development.