This book features innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for central nervous system tumors, which remain among the deadliest cancers. It is meant to serve as a comprehensive expert review of cutting-edge topics for researchers and clinicians to understand evolving concepts and approaches. Featured topics include computational applications in pathology, state-of-the-art classification tools, novel technology-based treatments, applications of stem cells, current perspectives in immunotherapy, innovative targeted therapies, advanced drug delivery, and special considerations for pediatric tumors.