This book provides a comprehensive guide to both established and innovative methodologies for exploring ion channel function across various applications. Each chapter begins with a helpful introduction to orient nonexpert readers, providing background and context for the methods discussed, followed by detailed, step-by-step protocols for practical implementation. Topics covered include techniques such as macropatch recordings, bilayer recordings, dynamic clamp, organotypic slice culture, as well as advanced approaches like combined in vivo patch-clamp recording with optogenetics and multielectrode array technology.